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目的分析不同文化水平的初次脑卒中患者对所患疾病预防知识的认知状况,旨在为成功开展脑卒中健康教育活动提供可靠的参考。方法选取80例初次筛查为脑卒中的患者作为随访对象,采取问卷调查法,分析患者对脑卒中疾病预防知识的认知状况。结果初次脑卒中患者对脑卒中的症状认知正确率前3位是,一侧肢体无力、沉重、麻木为75.0%,言语模糊或理解语言困难为36.3%,意识障碍或抽搐为31.3%;对脑卒中高危因素认知正确率前3位是,糖尿病为52.5%,心脏病为37.5%,高血脂为35.0%。不同文化水平的初次脑卒中患者对所患疾病预防知识的认知率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论初次脑卒中患者对脑卒中疾病预防知识的认知情况欠佳,且患者文化水平越低,其认知情况越差。可以针对不同文化水平的患者开展不同的健康教育活动,确保每位患者都能掌握疾病预防的知识。
Objective To analyze the cognitive status of patients with primary stroke at different educational levels and to provide a reliable reference for the success of stroke health education. Methods Eighty patients who were screened for stroke for the first time were selected as the follow-up subjects. The questionnaires were used to analyze the cognitive status of patients with stroke prevention knowledge. Results In the first stroke patients, the top three cognitive indexes of stroke were the weakness and heavyness of one limb, the numbness was 75.0%, vague language or comprehension of language difficulty was 36.3%, disturbance of consciousness or twitch was 31.3%; The top 3 cognitive risk factors for stroke were 52.5% for diabetes, 37.5% for heart disease and 35.0% for hyperlipemia. There was significant difference in the cognitive rate of disease prevention among the first stroke patients with different educational level (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The cognition of patients with stroke in the first stroke is poorly understood. And the lower the educational level is, the worse their cognitive status is. Different health education activities can be conducted for patients of different cultural levels to ensure that every patient has knowledge of disease prevention.