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目的总结糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者神经损害特点及危险因素。方法将2009年7月2010年7月收治的300例DM患者按有无合并糖尿病神经病变(diabetic neuropathy,DN)分为研究组和对照组各150例,进行空腹血糖水平测定,并对每位患者体重指数、血脂水平、吸烟史、血压水平、DM病程、神经病变家族史进行统计;对疑似有相关病变的DN患者进行胫神经的感觉及运动神经传导速度测定。结果 DM患者伴有体重指数、血脂水平、吸烟、血压、神经病变家族史异常者更易患DN。DN患者神经损害程度与患者血糖水平及DM病程呈正相关。结论血糖越高,病程越长神经损伤越重,肥胖、高血脂、吸烟、高血压、有神经病变家族史是DN发生的危险因素。
Objective To summarize the characteristics and risk factors of nerve damage in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods 300 patients with DM who were admitted to our hospital from July 2009 to July 2010 were divided into study group (150 cases) and control group (150 cases) with diabetic neuropathy (diabetic nephropathy) respectively. The fasting plasma glucose The body mass index, blood lipid level, smoking history, blood pressure level, DM course and the family history of neuropathy were calculated. The sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity of tibial nerve were measured in patients with suspected DN. Results DM patients with body mass index, blood lipid levels, smoking, blood pressure, abnormalities of neuropathy family history more susceptible to DN. The degree of nerve damage in patients with DN was positively correlated with the blood glucose level and the course of DM. Conclusion The higher the blood glucose, the longer the duration of the injury is. The higher the family history of obesity, hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, and neuropathy are the risk factors of DN.