本文从清华简《楚居篇》所述自季连至楚悼王共23位楚之先公先王的世系、所居和迁徙,及鬻熊之际“氐今曰楚人”的记载,以纸上文献及地下出土文物二重证据,论述夏禹时季连立“荆国”于南方,至殷周之际鬻熊始以“楚”为国名,在两周时期发展壮大的历史过程。指出,商代在夏朝营建湖北盘龙城旧址的基础上,扩建此一江北重镇,意在扼南方通往中原门户,以阻遏南方势力之北进,故盘龙城商城有其战略上的重要作用,但它不是商之都城或行都。至殷商亡后,荆楚之势力始得以东扩;迄西周夷王之世,楚鄂王挚红乃建都于东鄂州,从此势力大为扩张;至春秋初期,熊通自称楚武王;及楚文王之际,楚之强大不仅甲于南方,而屡有北进之举,大有窥伺中原之势。至战国中期,楚灭越而奄有华南地区的广土众民。最后,楚虽为秦所亡,但溯自季连追随大禹南征、治水,及后创荆国于南方,荆楚前后享国共一千七百余年,仍不失华夏之根本,在政治、经济及人文上与北地同步前进,从而促成南北文化和民族的融合,为秦汉时期中国的两次统一,做出不可磨灭的贡献。 This article from the Qinghua bamboo “Chu Ju chapter” described from the quarter to the condolences of the king of the total of 23 Chu first king’s lineage, live and migrate, and the occasion of the 鬻 bears, “氐 today said Chu people” records , On the basis of the literature on paper and the double evidence of the underground cultural relics, discussing that Xia Yushi Ji Lianliu Jing Jing in the South, to the Yin and Zhou Dynasties when the beginning of the beginning of Xiong with “Chu ” as the name of the two weeks of development and growth The historical process. Pointed out that the Shang Dynasty built the site of the Panlongcheng site in Hubei Province on the basis of the expansion of the Jiangbei town in the Xia Dynasty in order to reduce the southern gateway to the Central Plains in order to deter the southern advance of the southern forces. Important role, but it is not the capital city or line. Until Shang Shang died, Jing Chu’s forces began to eastward expansion; until the Western Zhou Yi king’s world, Chu E Wang Zhizhong is built in the East Ezhou, since the forces greatly expanded; to the early spring, Xiong Tong claimed to be King of Chu; and Chu King On the occasion, Chu powerful not only in the south, but often North move, a great glimpse of Central Plains trend. To the mid-Warring States, Chu off the more and the vast southern China’s broad masses. In the end, although Chu died for Qin, he traced himself to follow the rule of the Southern Expedition of Dayu for a long time and controlled the water. Afterwards, Chu Jingguo was in the south and Jingchu enjoyed a total of 1,700 years before and after, still without losing the roots of Huaxia. Political, economic and cultural progress simultaneously with the North, thus contributing to the integration of North and South cultures and ethnic groups, making an indelible contribution to the two reunification of China during the Qin and Han dynasties.