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石油深部起源理论认为,石油、天然气与金属矿床一样都是地球排气作用的产物。含油气盆地的演化与地球外核的排气及表面的升降变化相呼应,表明了含油气盆地的深部构造本质。石油及天然气形成于地球排气作用出现冷分支的新生代,明显表现为热液期后的特征。油气以垂直运移为主聚集在流体动力学构造圈闭以及与此有关的地层、岩性圈闭中,与新构造运动关系密切,这些理论为寻找新油气藏指明了方向。中国含油气盆地的特点是盆地基底深,沉积地层厚度大,故在已发现油气藏以下地层直至基底内部都有望发现新的油气藏。在新构造运动活跃、深部脆性岩石发育、具有良好盖层形成圈闭的地区,应首先采用深部地震对以构造裂隙油气藏为目标进行勘探。需要指出的是,传统的地震勘探方法对于查明深部断裂、高孔隙带和裂隙带是无能为力的,亟需开发非传统的地震勘探方法,此外,还可结合遥感、地球化学、张量分析、放射性、形态构造模拟等方法。
The theory of deep oil origin states that petroleum and natural gas, like metal deposits, are the products of the earth’s exhaust. The evolution of petroliferous basins echoes with the extrinsic evolvement of the outer core of the Earth and the surface up and down, indicating the deep tectonic nature of petroliferous basins. Petroleum and natural gas formed in the Cenozoic with cold branch of the earth’s exhaust and obviously showed the feature after hydrothermal period. The vertical migration of oil and gas accumulates mainly in the hydrodynamic structural traps and related stratigraphic and lithological traps, which are closely related to the Neotectonic movement. These theories point out the direction for finding new oil and gas reservoirs. The petroliferous basins in China are characterized by deep basement basins and thick sedimentary formations. Therefore, it is expected that new reservoirs will be discovered up to the basement of the reservoirs below the reservoir. In areas where the new tectonism is active and the deep brittle rocks are developed and the cap rocks are well trapped, deep seismic exploration should first be conducted to construct fractured reservoirs. What needs to be pointed out is that the traditional seismic exploration methods are incapable of identifying deep faults, high porosity zones and fracture zones. Therefore, it is urgent to develop unconventional seismic exploration methods. In addition, the traditional seismic exploration methods can be combined with remote sensing, geochemistry, tensor analysis, Radioactive, morphological modeling and other methods.