美国的贸易问题既复杂又简单。政治家、经济学家和实业家们正在讨论诸如倾销商品、保护商标之类的秘密策略。但是,最基本的问题是,美国在竞争激烈的国际贸易中是采取防御性策略,还是进攻性策略?是靠建立屏障来保护本国的工业免遭洪水般的外国货的冲击,或是为在国内外取得新的市场而保持在技术上居于主导地位的经济强国? 在许多方面,防御性的策略是吸引人的。由于有保护关税和严格的进口制度,美国的企业家们不必为外国货会夺去他们的市场而忧心忡忡。有人希望联邦政府能促进公司富有竞争性。他们力图证明日本的成功是建立在政府和商界通力合作的基础上的,他们要求有一项工业方针,它鼓励有选择地发展特别快的新行业,并能扩大出口额。但是,这个办法在美国未必行得 The U.S. trade problem is both complicated and simple. Politicians, economists and industrialists are discussing secret tactics such as dumping goods and trademark protection. However, the basic question is whether the United States adopts a defensive tactic or an offensive tactic in the highly competitive international trade. It does this by building a barrier to protect its industries from the impact of flood-like foreign goods, Getting new markets both at home and abroad while maintaining a technically dominant economic power? Defensive tactics are appealing in many ways. Due to the protection of tariffs and strict import regimes, American entrepreneurs do not have to worry about foreign merchants losing their markets. Some people hope the federal government can promote the company’s competitiveness. They sought to prove that Japan’s success was based on the concerted cooperation of the government and the business community, and they demanded an industrial approach that encouraged the selective development of exceptionally fast new industries and the expansion of exports. However, this measure may not necessarily work in the United States