“‘小村规’进千家,村民人人拥护它;勤劳致富有保障,安全祥和全靠它。”这是北京市平谷县岳各庄村的一位村民编的顺口溜,如今已在金海湖畔、燕山脚下、濡河两岸的农村广泛流传。“‘小村规’指的是村民自治的‘章程’。”平谷县是从1992年初开展村民自治工作的,目前,已在全县277个行政村开展起来。笔者在采访时了解到,村民自治是农民依照宪法和有关法律法规进行自我教育、自我管理、自我监督的一种好形式。凡开展村民自治的村子,开头的一件事,就是组织村民讨论,如何把本村实际与国家有关法律、法规和行政规章的条款内容紧密结合,制订出村民自治的“章程”草案,并交全体村民表决。然后印成小本子,每户一册。章程所涉及的范围包括村委会建设、村民代表会议规则、村民建房和用水用电的管理、社会治安,以及婚姻、家庭、邻里关系和计划生育等,是规范村民思想、道德等行为的村规民约。这里曾发生过这样一件事:有位老妇含辛茹苦把几个儿女养大成人。不料老了却被亲生儿子赶出了 “There are thousands of villagers’ rules and all villagers advocate it; hardworking, wealthy, secure and depend on it.” This is a jingle by a villager in Yuegezhuang Village, Pinggu County, Beijing. Today, At the foot of the rivers and lakes spread widely in rural areas. “Small village regulation refers to the constitution of villagers’ autonomy.” Pinggu County started the work of villager self-government in early 1992 and has now been carried out in 277 administrative villages throughout the county. The author learned in an interview that villager autonomy is a good form of self-education, self-management and self-supervision of peasants in accordance with the Constitution and relevant laws and regulations. The first thing that happens to villages that carry out village autonomy is to organize villagers to discuss how to closely integrate the village with the provisions of the relevant laws, statutes and administrative rules of the state to draw up a draft statute governing the autonomy of villagers and submit them to all Villagers vote. Then printed a small book, one for each household. The scope of the articles of association includes the construction of village committees, the rules of villagers’ representatives meetings, the administration of villagers’ building and water supply and electricity, social order, marriage, family, neighborhood relations and family planning, which regulate the villagers’ thoughts and morals Village rules and regulations. Here happened one thing: An elderly woman struggled to raise several children and raised her eldest son. Unexpectedly, the old son was driven out