论文部分内容阅读
海上溢油的种类繁多、性质各异,溢油事故发生时,海洋的水文、气象、以及事故发生的地点等环境因素又会千差万别。因此海上溢油的治理要根据具体情况,选择最佳方案。经常需要多种方法(机械方法、化学方法)的有效配合,才能最大限度地这到满意的治理效果。 海上溢油化学处理剂主要包括消油剂、聚油剂和凝油剂等,它们各具特点,在溢油治理中越来越引起人们的重视。本文主要介绍一下聚油剂和凝油剂在溢油治理中的某些功能。 聚油剂(Oil collecting agent,Oil herding agent,Surface tension modi-fier)又称化学围油栏(Chemical fence),属表面活性物质,它在水面上的扩展压比油在水面上的扩展压(Spreading pressure)要大得多。其作用为:
There are various kinds of oil spills at sea and different nature. When the oil spill happens, the environmental factors such as the hydrology and weather of the ocean and the place where the accident happens will be different. Therefore, the management of oil spills at sea should be based on the specific circumstances, choose the best solution. Often require a variety of methods (mechanical methods, chemical methods) with the effective coordination in order to maximize the satisfaction of the governance effect. At sea oil spill chemical treatment agent mainly includes dispersant, oiling agent and pouring agent, which have their own characteristics and are attracting more and more attention in oil spill control. This article mainly introduces some functions of oil-in-oil and oil-pouring agent in oil spill control. Oil collecting agent (Oil herding agent, Surface tension modi-fier), also known as chemical fence (Chemical fence), is a surface active substance, its expansion pressure on the water surface than the oil on the surface of the expansion pressure Spreading pressure is much larger. Its role is: