(一)我国露天铁矿开采的远景根据我国钢铁工业的发展,到本世纪末,钢产量要突破8000万吨,也就是说,在目前46O0万吨的基础上,还需增加3400万吨以上。因此,在保持铁矿目前1.2亿吨年生产能力不衰减的条件下,到2000年的15年期间,尚需增加矿石生产能力0.8～1.0亿吨。除了沿海、沿江地区的钢铁厂进口部分铁矿石外,大部分都需立足国内。从我国的铁矿资源情况来看,截止1980年,保有储量为447亿吨,其中工业储量占52％。从矿种来讲,磁铁矿占74％,赤铁矿占23％,其余的为菱铁矿和褐铁矿,平均TFe34％。虽然生铁矿资源中, (I) Prospects of Open-pit Iron Ore Mining in China According to the development of China’s iron and steel industry, by the end of this century, the output of steel should exceed 80 million tons, that is to say, more than 34 million tons need to be increased on the basis of the current 4.6 million tons. Therefore, it is still necessary to increase the production capacity of ore by 0.8 to 1.0 billion tons by 15 years of 2000 under the condition of maintaining the present production capacity of 120 million tons of iron ore without any decay. In addition to importing some iron ore from steel mills along the coast and along the Yangtze River, most need to be based at home. Judging from the situation of iron ore resources in our country, as of 1980, the total reserves are 44.7 billion tons, of which industrial reserves account for 52%. In terms of minerals, magnetite accounts for 74%, hematite 23%, and the rest is siderite and limonite, with an average TFe34%. Although pig iron resources,