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高产麦田开花后的干物质积累、运转和分配是提高经济系数、提高粒重形成高产的关键。据对四个冬小麦品种的四年试验,开花后群体干物质积累与经济产量呈极显著正相关,其积累量约相当于籽粒产量;营养器官贮藏物质对产量的贡献约占粒重的35.5%,其中开花前的输出量约占粒重的4%。开花后天气条件的变化,对高产麦田的物质积累、运转和分配有显著的影响,即使在良好的栽培管理和群体结构比较合理的条件下,也可导致粒重和产量在年际间相差甚殊。而灌浆盛期的持续高温天气是高产麦田产量不稳的主要可变气象因素。
The accumulation, turnover and distribution of dry matter after flowering in high-yielding wheat fields are the key to increase economic coefficient and increase grain weight and high yield. According to the four-year experiment of four winter wheat varieties, the population dry matter accumulation after flowering is significantly and positively correlated with the economic yield, and its accumulation is equivalent to the grain yield. The contribution of vegetative organs to the output accounts for about 35.5% , Of which the output before flowering accounted for about 4% of the weight. Changes in weather conditions after flowering have a significant impact on the accumulation, operation and distribution of material in high-yielding wheat fields. Even under the conditions of good cultivation management and population structure, the differences in grain weight and yield between years can be very significant special. However, the continuous high temperature during the filling period is the main variable weather factor in the unstable yield of high yield wheat fields.