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利用代表花生基础资源的核心种质分析花生高油酸资源的分布和遗传多样性,结果表明:在花生核心种质中油酸含量高于57%的种质40份,主要分布在密枝亚种(普通型25份和龙生型8份),少数分布在疏枝亚种(珍珠豆型6份和中间型1份);除了10份资源来源于国外(ICR ISAT 7份,美国1份,日本1份和韩国1份),其他种质资源来源于中国12个省市。同时发现高油酸种质中3份资源的粗脂肪在55%左右,分别是Zh.h4094(油酸66.70%,粗脂肪54.99%),Zh.h4029(油酸63.50%,粗脂肪55.58%)和Zh.h4319(油酸59.70%,粗脂肪56.04%);基于植物学和产量性状分析,前5个主成份(PC)可以解释81.17%的变异。聚类分析表明,在阈值为0.1942时,可分为8个组。因此中国花生核心种质中高油酸种质存在丰富的遗传多样性,而且分布较广,高油酸种质的获得为花生高油酸育种提供基础材料。
Analysis of the distribution and genetic diversity of high-oleic acid resources in peanut using the core germplasm that represents the basic resources of peanut showed that 40 germplasms with the oleic acid content higher than 57% (25 for common type and 8 for dragon type), and a few were distributed in the thin-stalked subspecies (6 types of pearl beans and 1 type of intermediate type). Except for 10 sources, which were obtained from abroad (ICR ISAT 7, USA 1, 1 in Japan and 1 in South Korea). Other germplasm resources come from 12 provinces and cities in China. At the same time, it was found that the crude fat content of 3 high-oleic germplasm resources was about 55%, which were Zh.h4094 (66.70% oleic acid, 54.99% crude fat), Zh.h4029 (63.50% oleic acid, 55.58% crude fat) And Zh.h4319 (59.70% of oleic acid and 56.04% of crude fat). Based on the analysis of botany and yield traits, the first five principal components (PCs) could explain 81.17% of the variation. Cluster analysis showed that when the threshold was 0.1942, it could be divided into 8 groups. Therefore, the high oleic acid germplasm in China’s peanut core germplasm is rich in genetic diversity and widely distributed. The availability of high oleic acid germplasm provides the basic material for high oleic acid breeding in peanut.