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目的了解河南省宝丰县艾滋病流行现状,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法下载2000~2013年宝丰县各种途径发现并报告的艾滋病病毒感染者和患者(People living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA)个案及随访资料,建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果宝丰县2000~2013年报告PLWHA 171例,其中艾滋病病人125例,死亡66例,各乡镇均有病例发生。男女之比为1.71:1。20~49岁青壮年占77.2%。农民占80.7%。性传播占55.6%,且从2004年起逐年上升,2010~2013年性传播比例均在70%以上。血液传播占36.8%,2001~2011年血液传播比例呈逐年下降趋势,2012和2013年连续两年无血液传播病例发生。感染途径由以血液传播为主转变为以性接触感染为主。母婴传播占4.7%。通过检测咨询发现病例67人,占39.2%,其他就诊者检测发现病例40例,占23.4%。结论应加强对高危人群的行为干预,落实母婴传播阻断措施。检测咨询和门诊筛查是发现PLWHA的主要途径。
Objective To understand the current situation of AIDS epidemic in Baofeng County, Henan Province, and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The cases and follow-up data of PLWHA detected and reported by various ways in Baofeng County from 2000 to 2013 were downloaded and analyzed. Results In Baofeng County, 171 cases of PLWHA were reported from 2000 to 2013, including 125 AIDS patients and 66 deaths. All the cases occurred in each township. Male to female ratio was 1.71: 1.20 to 49 years old accounted for 77.2% of young adults. Farmers accounted for 80.7%. Sexual transmission accounted for 55.6%, and from 2004 onwards, year by year, from 2010 to 2013, the proportion of sexual transmission are more than 70%. Blood transmission accounted for 36.8%. The proportion of blood transmitted between 2001 and 2011 showed a decreasing trend year by year. In 2012 and 2013, no blood-borne cases occurred. The route of infection changed mainly from blood transmission to infection with sexual contact. Mother-to-child transmission accounted for 4.7%. Sixty-seven cases were detected through testing and counseling, accounting for 39.2%. Other cases were detected in 40 cases (23.4%). Conclusions Behavioral interventions should be strengthened for high-risk groups and measures for mother-to-child transmission should be implemented. Test counseling and outpatient screening are the main ways to discover PLWHA.