目的报道4例口腔黏膜内痣病例,并探讨口腔黏膜色素痣的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断要点。方法收集4例发生在口腔黏膜的色素痣患者临床资料,进行光学显微镜观察及随访,并结合文献复习。结果 4例患者临床表现均为无痛性斑片或斑块,无明显不适,3例位于牙龈,1例位于颊部黏膜,均行手术完整彻底切除,镜下形态与皮肤皮内痣相似。随访4个月～5年,均未见复发或恶变。结论口腔黏膜色素痣是一种罕见部位的黑色素细胞痣,手术彻底切除预后好。 Objective To report 4 cases of oral mucosal nevus and to explore the clinicopathological features of oral mucosal nevus, diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods The clinical data of 4 patients with pigmented nevus in oral mucosa were collected and observed by optical microscopy and follow-up, combined with literature review. Results The clinical manifestations of 4 patients were all painless plaques or plaques without obvious discomfort. Three cases were located in the gums and one case was located in the buccal mucosa. All the cases were completely and completely resected by surgery. Follow-up 4 months to 5 years, no recurrence or malignant transformation. Conclusion Oral mucosal nevus is a rare site of melanocytic nevus, the surgical resection of a good prognosis.