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异烟肼(Isoniazide)首先由 off 氏在1950年所合成,随后 Berstein 氏等于1957年证明了该药在试管内不仅能抑制结核杆菌生长,且具有杀灭该菌作用。1952年以后,该药渐广泛用于治疗各种类型的结核病,至今仍为抗结核第一线特效药之一。异烟肼毒性小,一般治疗剂量副作用不大,若长期服用较大的治疗剂量,虽可引起慢性中毒,但多数在仃药后症状逐渐消失。对于大剂量急性异烟肼中毒,国内杨氏于1953年报告第一例,以后陆续有多次个案报导,但未见多例报导。我院自1971年至1982年元月先后收治大剂量急性异烟肼中毒11例(其中成人10例,小儿1例),现报告如下,并对中毒的剂量、症状出现的时间、临床特点、中毒的机制、抢救治疗措施略加讨论。
Isoniazide was first synthesized by off in 1950 and subsequently Berstein’s equivalent in 1957 to demonstrate that the drug not only inhibits the growth of M. tuberculosis in vitro but also has the effect of killing the bacterium. After 1952, the drug is widely used to treat various types of tuberculosis and is still one of the first-line anti-TB drugs. Isoniazid toxicity is small, the general side effects of treatment dose is not large, if long-term use of larger doses, although can cause chronic poisoning, but most of the symptoms gradually disappear after Ding medicine. For large doses of acute isoniazid poisoning, the first case of domestic Yang reported in 1953, after many cases have been reported, but no more reports. Our hospital from 1971 to January 1982 has admitted to high-dose acute isoniazid in 11 cases (including 10 cases of adults, children in 1 case), are reported as follows, and the dose of poisoning, the symptoms appear in time, clinical features, Poisoning mechanism, rescue treatment measures slightly discussed.