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宋代富民是以土地为主要财富积累而成长起来的社会阶层。这一阶层之所以能够迅速成长,是由于当时的土地产权制度和土地交易法律发生了一系列变革:一是明确了土地占有者的排他性产权,使土地收益权内部化和土地流转合法化;二是通过“印契投税”和“官印契书”促进了交易契约化,推广了契约专用性知识;三是对“亲邻优先权”在权利伸张者和诉讼时效方面作出限定,将人格化交易对公平交易的影响限制在一定范围内。这些制度变革降低了普通民众买卖土地的交易费用,使土地交易便利化,权益受到保护,从而刺激富民通过购买并经营土地积累财富,为富民阶层成长提供了制度性保障。
The rich people in the Song Dynasty grew up as the social class that grew up with the accumulation of land as the main wealth. The rapid growth of this class is due to a series of changes in the land property system and land transaction law at that time. The first is that the exclusive property rights of land owners are clarified, the internalization of land rights and land transfer are legalized, and Is to promote the contractualization of transactions and promote the contract-specific knowledge through the investment tax “” and “official seal contract ”; third is to Make a limitation that restricts the impact of personalization on fair trade to a limited extent. These institutional changes have reduced the transaction costs of ordinary people buying and selling land, facilitating land transactions and protecting their rights and interests, thus stimulating wealthy people to accumulate wealth through the purchase and operation of land, and providing institutional guarantees for the growth of the rich people.