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为探讨南阳市学龄儿童感觉统合失调的分布特点及父母养育方式与儿童感觉统合功能的关系,经瑞文推理测验初步筛选智力正常的6～9岁儿童,共566人。采用“儿童生活环境调查表”、“感觉统合评定量表”,“儿童生活养育问卷(BMBU)”等进行测评比较。结果,感觉统合失调率较度为18.4％,重度为6.76％,男孩子略高于女孩。6～7岁组感觉统合失调率最低,与其它年龄组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学习成绩差者感觉统合失调率显著高于学习成绩上等和中等儿童,父母间的养育类型呈明显正相关,其中位于对角线上的相同养育类型的相关系数都是最大的。结论:学龄儿童感觉统合失调是学习困难的重要原因,多分布于学习成绩差者,感觉统合失调与父母养育方式关系密切。拒绝和偏爱,平日孩子由非父母照料、家庭支持系统差和居住环境恶劣、父母对孩子不切实际的期望以及父亲年龄偏大和母亲年龄偏小等都对儿童的感觉统合功能的发育造成负性影响。
To investigate the distribution characteristics of sensory integration disorders and the relationship between parental rearing styles and sensory integration in children in school-age children in Nanyang, a total of 566 children aged 6 ~ 9 years with normal intelligence were screened by RUI reasoning test. The “Children’s Living Environment Questionnaire”, “Sensory Integration Rating Scale” and “Children’s Living Foster Care Questionnaire (BMBU)” were used for comparison and evaluation. As a result, the sensory integration disorder rate was 18.4% and severe degree was 6.76%, while the male child was slightly higher than the girl. The incidence of sensory integration was the lowest in 6-7 years old group, with statistical significance compared with other age groups (P <0.05). The difference of sensory integration dysfunction among those with poor academic performance was significantly higher than those with upper secondary schooling and middle school students, and parental parental types were positively correlated. Among them, the same parental type had the highest correlation coefficient. Conclusion: The sensory integration dysfunction in school-age children is an important reason for learning difficulties, which is mainly distributed among those with poor academic records. Sensory integration disorder is closely related to parental rearing patterns. Rejection and preference, weekdays non-parental care of children, poor family support system and poor living environment, parents’ unrealistic expectations of their children, and their over-age and low-age mothers negatively affect the development of children’s sensory integration influences.