骨髓增殖异常综合征(MyelodysplasticSyndrome,MDS)是一类骨髓造血异常的疾病。以罗曼诺夫斯基染剂染色的外周血和骨髓细胞涂片检查,可见红细胞、粒细胞和巨核系三系统的形态学异常。MDS 患者通常表现有贫血、白细胞减少(中性粒细胞减少)和血小板减少。多数患者伴有染色体的改变,约40%转化为急性非淋巴细胞性白血病,故其实质为白血病前期的病变。目前认为,MDS 可能是体内多能干细胞恶性转化所致。1984年Bennett 对AML 的FAB 分型进行 Myelodysplastic syndrome (Myelodysplastic Syndrome, MDS) is a type of bone marrow abnormalities of the disease. Examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells stained with Romanovsky stain revealed morphological abnormalities of the three systems of erythrocytes, granulocytes and megakaryocytes. MDS patients usually have anemia, leukopenia (neutropenia) and thrombocytopenia. Most patients with chromosomal changes, about 40% into acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, so the essence of pre-leukemia lesions. At present, MDS may be due to malignant transformation of pluripotent stem cells in vivo. Bennett in 1984 AML FAB typing