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为探讨规模化稻鸭共育能否改善水稻的株型结构从而影响产量及产量结构的形成,本文通过大田规模化稻鸭共育、常规稻鸭共育和水稻直播的对比试验,研究了水稻分蘖末期和齐穗期的部分株型结构及水稻产量。结果表明:与常规稻鸭共育相比,规模化稻鸭共育减少水稻实际产量和有效穗,水稻部分株型结构各构成因素差异不显著;与水稻直播处理相比,规模化稻鸭共育在分蘖末期和齐穗期降低植株茎基宽,增加冠层幅度,保持植株具有一定松散度;增加剑叶和倒2叶叶开角、披垂度和叶片长度,降低倒3叶和倒4叶叶开角和披垂度,利于植株形成上披下挺的株型结构;增加剑叶、倒2叶和倒3叶叶面积占比,使叶面积较多的分布在上部叶片;促进根系生长,增加基叶高和不同叶序叶片SPAD值,减缓叶片衰老。因此,规模化稻鸭共育优化水稻部分株型结构,有利于提高光能利用效率和干物质积累,从而稳定水稻产量。
In order to explore whether large-scale rice-duck co-culture could improve the plant type structure of rice and affect the formation of yield and yield structure, this paper studied the effects of large-scale rice-duck co-cultivation, conventional rice- Partial plant type structure and rice yield in the late tillering stage and heading stage. The results showed that compared with the conventional rice-duck farming, the large-scale rice-duck co-cultivation reduced the actual rice yield and the effective panicle, and there was no significant difference in the components of rice plant type structure. Compared with the direct-sowing rice, At the end of tillering stage and heading stage, the root width of plant was reduced, the width of canopy was increased, and the width of canopy was increased, and the plant had a certain degree of loosening. The opening angle, the draping degree and leaf length of flag leaf and down leaf were increased, 4 leaves open angle and drape, conducive to the formation of plant plants on the next Phyllostachys plant-type structure; increase the flag leaf, down 2 leaves and down 3 leaf area ratio, the leaf area more distributed in the upper leaves; promote Root growth, increased base leaf height and different leaf blade SPAD value, slow leaf senescence. Therefore, large-scale cultivation of rice and ducks to optimize part of the plant structure of rice is conducive to improving light energy efficiency and dry matter accumulation, thus stabilizing rice yield.