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作为现代文体意义上的一种叙述体式,讲述体的生成乃是俄罗斯本土文学传统和西方外来文学思潮、传统文学特质与先锋文学思潮共同作用的结果。经由自普希金、果戈理以降的俄罗斯作家的创新、发展和丰富,讲述体形式在篇章结构、叙述技巧和语言表述等方面都体现出高度的艺术水平,不仅建构着作家的自我身份和民族意识,而且表现出强烈的民族特色和国家诉求。这种独特的民族化叙述体式,在很大程度上凸现出俄罗斯作家对不同于西方艺术形式的民族诉求的重视,彰显出他们对“艺术世界”和“现实世界”之间情态关系的独特审美取向。由此,讲述体在一定程度上扩展了俄国现实主义小说的叙述诗学的坚实基础,促进了现代主义小说在俄国的发生,为白银时代小说的勃兴,苏联小说的滥觞和发展、乃至后苏联小说的兴起,奠定不可忽视的物质基础和理论条件。
As a narrative style in the modern stylistic sense, the formation of the narrative body is the result of the joint action of Russian native literature tradition and western foreign literature thoughts, traditional literary traits and pioneer literary thoughts. Through the innovation, development and enrichment of Russian writers who have declined since Pushkin and Gogol, the body form shows a high level of art in the aspects of text structure, narrative skills and language expression, which not only constructs the author’s self-identity and national consciousness , But also showed strong national characteristics and national demands. This unique national narrative style, to a large extent, underscores the importance that Russian writers attach to the national appeal different from Western art forms, and demonstrates their modality of “the world of art” and “the real world” Relationship between the unique aesthetic orientation. As a result, the narrative expands the solid foundation of narrative poetics of Russian realistic novels to a certain extent, promotes the occurrence of modernist novels in Russia, promotes the flourishing of novel in the Silver Age, the origination and development of the Soviet novels, The rise of novels lays the material foundation and theoretical conditions that can not be ignored.