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目的分析手足口病患者家庭成员密切接触者病毒携带情况,探讨手足口病危险因素及预防对策。方法同时采集手足口病患者及其家庭成员密切接触者粪便样本或者肛拭子样本,对患者和接触者进行调查。采用描述性流行病学方法分析确诊患者家庭接触者的性别、年龄、亲缘关系、职业等分布情况。结果两年共采集了85例标本,其中确诊63例,对应126例家庭接触者,其中阳性46例,阳性率为36.51%。不同年龄组接触者阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.646,P=0.001),不同亲缘关系接触者阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.931,P=0.001),不同职业类型阳性率差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论手足口病患者家庭成员密切接触者病毒携带情况与接触者年龄有关,粪口型接触传播可能为最主要的传播途径,要综合管理手足口病患者及其密切接触者,培养儿童良好的手部卫生习惯。
Objective To analyze the virus carrying status of close contacts of family members of HFMD and explore the risk factors of HFMD and the preventive measures. Methods Simultaneous collection of stool samples or anal swab samples from HFMD patients and their family members was conducted to investigate patients and contacts. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of sex, age, kinship and occupational status of family contacts. Results A total of 85 specimens were collected in two years, of which 63 were diagnosed, corresponding to 126 family contacts, of which 46 were positive, the positive rate was 36.51%. There were significant differences in the positive rates of contacts among different age groups (χ2 = 14.646, P = 0.001). There was significant difference in the positive rates of contacts between different age groups (χ2 = 13.931, P = 0.001) There was statistical significance (P = 0.001). Conclusion HFD patients are closely associated with the family members of the virus carrying status and the age of the contact, fecal oral transmission may be the most important route of transmission, to comprehensive management of HFMD patients and their close contacts, training children good hands Ministry of Health habits.