基于对安徽三个村庄的研究,我们认为农村宗族在共和国前期没有被革命政权打碎,在改革中遭遇了历史性瓦解。在合作社和人民公社以村落为基础的合作化政策下,传统的集体性宗族因与新制度发生组织性同构而得以延续,并在农民面对国家灾难性政策而向自身寻求保护资源时得到了增强。改革给予农民经济自主、乡村选举、进城劳动等现代权利,开始了农民的“公民化”进程,使宗族在大量年轻人口离乡后失去了后继力量,宗族与农民的血缘关系被国家与公民的社会契约取代。 Based on the study of three villages in Anhui, we believe that the rural clans were not shattered by the revolutionary regime in the early Republican period and suffered a historic collapse in the reform. Under the village-based cooperative policy of cooperatives and people’s communes, the traditional collective clan was renewed due to the organizational isomorphism with the new system and was obtained when the peasants sought to protect their own resources in the face of the national catastrophic policies Enhanced. The reform gave peasants modern rights such as economic autonomy, village elections and urban labor, started the process of “citizenization” of peasants, lost the successor power of the clan after the large number of young people left their hometown, and the blood relationship between the clan and the peasantry was rewarded by the state and the citizens Social contract to replace.