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目的探讨以提脓祛腐为主要功效的外用方剂的用药特点。方法选择有代表性的与中医外科学有关的专著,收集以“提脓祛腐”为主要功效的外用方剂,统计药物的组成及分类,分析其用药特点。结果共收集79首具有明确提脓祛腐功效的外用方剂,其中古方33首,近代方46首;含有矿物药的方剂64首(81.0%),不含矿物药的方剂15首(19.0%)。升丹、雄黄、轻粉、牛黄、白芷、麝香等10余味中药出现频率较高。结论矿物药在以提脓祛腐为主要功效的外用方剂中占比较高,作用独特;不含矿物药的方剂,其药物多具有清热解毒、活血化瘀、蚀肤祛腐功效,其中牛黄、麝香、蜈蚣、全蝎等动物类药物起主要作用,植物类药物起辅助作用。
Objective To investigate the use of topical suppository decoction for the main effect of topical prescriptions. Methods A representative monograph related to Chinese traditional surgery was collected and the external prescriptions with the main function of “purulent decoction” were collected. The composition and classification of the drugs were analyzed and the characteristics of the drugs were analyzed. Results A total of 79 topical prescriptions were obtained, of which 33 were of ancient prescriptions and 46 of modern ones. Among them, 64 prescriptions (81.0%) containing mineral medicine and 15 (19.0% ). Asher, realgar, light pink, bezoar, Angelica, musk more than 10 flavors of Chinese medicine appear more frequently. Conclusion The mineral medicine has a high proportion and unique effect on the topical prescriptions with the main effect of removing suppurative decoction. The prescriptions containing no mineral medicine have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, Musk, centipede, scorpion and other animal drugs play a major role, plant drugs play a supporting role.