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目前,在西方,与年龄有关的黄斑病变是最常见的致盲原因。其患病率随着年龄的增大而不断增加。研究表明,新生血管的形成和视网膜色素上皮功能障碍为该病的重要原因。而Bruch 氏膜上沉积物的化学组成可能是病变预后的重要决定因素。显微镜下发现,随着年龄的增大,Bruch 氏膜上的脂质沉积不断增多,此异常物质由色素上皮衍生而来。若沉积物散在分布于内层Bruch 氏膜上,即位于视网膜色素上皮(RPE)基底膜与产生胶原的内层之间,则导致玻璃疣(drusen)的形成;若沉积物弥散性聚积于整个 Bruch 氏膜上,则导致 Bruch 氏膜的肥厚。临床研究指出,该物质可能与年龄相关性病变有关。
Currently, age-related maculopathy is the most common cause of blindness in the West. Its prevalence increases with age. Studies have shown that the formation of neovascularization and retinal pigment epithelial dysfunction as an important cause of the disease. The chemical composition of the deposits on Bruch’s membrane may be an important determinant of the prognosis of the lesion. Under the microscope, Bruch’s membrane lipid deposition increased with age, and this abnormal substance was derived from the pigment epithelium. If the sediment is scattered over the inner Bruch’s membrane, that is, between the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) basement membrane and the collagen-producing inner layer, the formation of drusen will result. If the sediment is diffusely accumulated in the whole Bruch’s membrane, resulting in Bruch’s membrane hypertrophy. Clinical studies indicate that the substance may be related to age-related lesions.