美国劳动报酬比重在工业化过程中长期保持在高水平,日本和韩国等国劳动报酬比重趋于上升,中国和拉美国家则在低水平上相对稳定。产业结构转变的阶段性特征、计划经济向市场经济的转轨特征、粗放型和资本扩张型的经济发展方式以及过于灵活的劳动力市场是中国劳动报酬比重长期较低的主要原因。目前,政府需要放松对经济领域的直接干预,使市场机制充分发挥收入分配的基础性功能,同时,政府还需整合各种政策资源,构建提高劳动报酬比重的长效机制和协同机制。 In the United States, the proportion of labor remuneration has been maintained at a high level for a long time in industrialization. The proportion of labor remuneration in Japan and South Korea tends to rise while that of China and Latin American countries is relatively stable at a low level. The main reason for the long-term low proportion of labor remuneration in China is the staged characteristics of the transformation of the industrial structure, the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the extensive and capital-intensive economic development and the excessively flexible labor market. At present, the government needs to relax its direct intervention in the economic field so that the market mechanism can give full play to the basic functions of income distribution. At the same time, the government needs to integrate all kinds of policy resources and construct long-term and synergetic mechanisms to increase the proportion of labor remuneration.