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目前,在国内外气象学、天文学、海洋学……等学科领域广泛地谈论着厄·尼诺（E1Nino）现象,厄·尼诺是什么意思呢?厄·尼诺是西班牙文“圣婴”的意思。现在人们都用这个名词来代表赤道东太平洋海水温度异常升高的现象。由于这种现象经常出现于年终接近圣诞节的时候,所以才有了这样的名称。厄·尼诺来临时,海面温度一般比常年要高出2℃-3℃,个别时候,温度能偏高5℃-6℃。由于水温升高,使海水中浮游生物大为减少;以浮游生物为饵料的鱼类如鯷鱼大量死亡;以食鱼为生的海鸟亦因之死亡或迁徒,随之带来的沿岸岛屿上的海鸟粪减少,从而影响到南美一些国家的农业生产。 关于厄·尼诺产生的原因,现在还不很清楚。但是近年来的许多研究证明:它绝不仅仅是一个孤立的海洋现象,而是对大气环流与气候有深远影响的事件;它不仅仅是对局部地区,而是对全球许多地区,特别是对两个半球的副热带、热带地区影响最为显著。例如,1982-1983年所发生的可能是本世纪以来最强的厄·尼诺现象。
At present, we talk about the El Nino phenomenon in a wide range of disciplines, such as meteorology, astronomy and oceanography. The meaning of Ernino is that Erno Nino is the Spanish “infant” the meaning of. The term is now used to refer to the abnormal rise in seawater temperature in the equatorial eastern Pacific. Because this phenomenon often appears near the end of Christmas time, so have such a name. When Ernie Nino arrives, the sea surface temperature is generally 2 ℃ -3 ℃ higher than that of normal years. In some cases, the temperature can be as high as 5 ℃ -6 ℃. Due to the increase of water temperature, the plankton in the sea water is greatly reduced. The death of the seabirds, such as the bighead carp, and the seabirds who feed on the fish, also result in the death Sea guano dwindling along the coast islands, affecting agricultural production in some countries in South America. The reason why Ernino was born is not clear yet. However, many studies in recent years have proved that it is more than an isolated ocean phenomenon but an event that has far-reaching effects on the atmospheric circulation and climate; it is not only for localized areas but for many parts of the world, The subtropical and tropical regions of the two hemispheres have the most significant impact. For example, what happened in 1982-1983 may be the strongest U Nino phenomenon in this century.