腹泻是导致发展中国家儿童发病率及病死率较高的重要病因之一[1]。病毒为常见病原体,包括轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒、腺病毒等[2]。人星状病毒(Human astrovirus,HAstrV)是仅次于轮状病毒及诺如病毒的引起哺乳类及鸟类动物胃肠炎的重要病原体。1975年Appleton利用电镜在腹泻儿童粪便标本中发现人星状病毒,同年Madeley和Cosgrove将该病毒命名为星状病毒[3],因其病毒表面在电镜下可见5~6个星状突起。星状病毒被划分为哺乳类星状病毒属 Diarrhea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries [1]. Viruses are common pathogens, including rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, etc. [2]. Human astrovirus (HAstrV) is an important pathogen causing gastroenteritis in mammals and birds after the rotavirus and Norovirus. In 1975, Appleton used electron microscopy to detect human astrovirus in stool specimens of children with diarrhea. In the same year, Madeley and Cosgrove named the virus as astrovirus [3] because of 5 to 6 stellate processes on the surface of the virus under electron microscope. Astroviruses are classified as mammalian astroviruses