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目的:了解深圳市盐田区6～18岁儿童单纯性肥胖症的流行现状及影响因素,为制定有效的防治措施提供科学依据。方法:按照随机整群抽样的方法抽取深圳市盐田区2 379例6～18岁儿童,测量其身高、体重,以WHO身高别体重标准作为超重和肥胖的判断标准;并对检出的肥胖儿童进行影响因素调查及多元逐步回归分析。结果:深圳市盐田区6～18岁儿童超重检出率为16.22%,肥胖检出率为14.80%;男童肥胖检出率明显高于女童(χ2=40.22,P<0.01);肥胖检出率在6～11岁有随年龄增高而迅速上升趋势,而11岁以后有随年龄增高而缓慢下降的趋势。儿童肥胖的主要影响因素包括4个月前人工喂养为主、食欲好、吃饭速度快、喜食西式快餐、经常一边看电视一边吃零食、经常看和食品有关的广告、小儿每天运动时间<1 h、父亲肥胖、母亲肥胖、父母双方肥胖以及母亲文化程度低。结论:深圳市盐田区6～18岁儿童超重及肥胖发生率较高,遗传、饮食行为和运动是儿童肥胖的主要影响因素,应采取家庭干预和群体干预的综合防治措施。
Objective: To understand the prevalence and influential factors of simple obesity in children aged 6 to 18 in Yantian District, Shenzhen, and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods: A total of 2 379 children (6-18 years old) in Yantian District of Shenzhen City were sampled and their height and weight were measured according to a randomized cluster sampling method. The WHO weight-based body weight criteria were used as criteria for overweight and obesity. The obese children Conduct a survey of influencing factors and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: The detection rate of overweight in children aged 6-18 years was 16.22% in Yantian District of Shenzhen City, and the detection rate of obesity was 14.80%. The detection rate of obesity in boys was significantly higher than that of girls (χ2 = 40.22, P <0.01) Rates in 6 to 11 years old with the increase of age and rapidly rising trend, but after 11 years of age with age and slowly declining trend. The main influencing factors of childhood obesity include: artificial feeding 4 months ago, good appetite, fast eating, eating Western fast food, eating snacks frequently while watching TV, and often looking at food-related advertisements. Children’s daily exercise time <1 h, fat father, mother fat, obesity of both parents and mother’s education level is low. Conclusion: The incidence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-18 years in Yantian District of Shenzhen City is high. The genetic, dietary behaviors and exercise are the main influencing factors of childhood obesity. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken with family intervention and group intervention.