目的探讨巨幼细胞性贫血常见的误诊情况进行分析。方法回顾我科门诊和住院治疗45例误诊患者临床资料进行总结分析。结果经叶酸、B 12治疗后,全部病例痊愈。贫血纠正时间13d～60d。结论通过加强对本病的认识,对临床表现不典型且血细胞异常的患者,应积极动员患者尽早做骨穿检查,明确诊断。 Objective To investigate the common misdiagnosis of megaloblastic anemia. Methods The clinical data of 45 cases misdiagnosed in outpatient department and hospitalized hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results After treatment with folic acid and B 12, all cases were cured. Anemia correction time 13d ~ 60d. Conclusions By strengthening the understanding of this disease, patients with atypical clinical manifestations and abnormal blood cells should be actively mobilized to do bone penetrating examination as soon as possible to confirm the diagnosis.