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反意疑问句是英语语法中的一个重要项目。它的结构固定，构成简单，学生学习较为容易，关键在于学生掌握其学习要点和用法。下面对反意疑问句进行详细的解读和系统的总结，并辅之以最新的中考试题进行专项训练，以期让同学们全面掌握知识，在练习中得到提高。
【要点解读】
一、反意疑问句的概念
当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。例如：
Tom likes classical music, doesn’t he? 汤姆喜欢古典音乐，对吗？
Her parents have never been to the West Lake, have they?
她的父母从来没有去过西湖，对吗？
二、基本结构与学习要点
1.基本结构：反意疑问句由“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语（代词）”构成。
2.学习要点：在反意疑问句的构成中应注意以下几点：
1）遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。即：前面的陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式；反之，前面的陈述句是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式,同时应重点注意陈述句中的否定词not, never, hardly, seldom等。
2）反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词。
3）反意疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句的谓语动词保持一致。具体来说，若前面陈述句中有“三词（be、情态动词、助动词）”，则简略句用其构成；若无“三词”，陈述句中谓语动词为一般现在时和一般过去时，则应加上do/don’t, does/doesn’t, did/didn’t。例如：
Mrs Green read the newspaper yesterday, didn’t she? 格林夫人昨天读过报纸，对吗？
The children have had breakfast already, haven’t they? 孩子们已经吃过早饭了，不是吗？
三、含有特殊主语的反意疑问句
1.当陈述句部分是I am…时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren’t I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。 例如：
I’m late for the meeting, aren’t I? 我开会迟到了，是吗？
2.当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。 例如：
That isn’t a useful dictionary, is it? 那不是一本有用的字典，是吗？
3.当陈述部分是everyone/everybody, someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语用it。例如：
Nobody can work out the problem, can they? 没有人能解出那个难题，是吗？
Something is wrong with his eyes, isn’t it? 他的眼睛有毛病，是不是？
4.当陈述部分是“There be+主语+其它”结构时，反意疑问部分要用“be (not)+there”结构。例如：
There is a map of the world on the wall, isn’t there? 墙上有一幅世界地图，是吧？
5.祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you结尾，但如果是以Let’s 开头的句型，应用shall we结尾。例如：
Let’s go for a picnic on Sunday, shall we? 让我们星期天去野餐吧，好吗？
Don’t be late for class again, will you? 别再上课迟到了，行吗？
6.当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：
1)若must表示“必须”或“有必要”时，疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。例如：
You must leave at once, mustn’t/needn’t you? 你必须(有必要)马上离开，不是吗?
但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分要用must。例如：
You mustn’t drink water, must you? 你不准喝水，知道吗?
2)若must表示推测，疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。例如：
He must be ill, isn’t he? 他一定是病了，不是吗?
7.在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I think(believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)+宾语从句”，反意疑问句的主谓语应与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致，并要注意否定转移。这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。例如：
I don’t think you have been to the USA, have you? 我认为你没有去过美国，是吗？
【中考链接】
1. ——Let’s go skating, ____?
——OK. Let’s go. (10湖北)
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. shall we
2. They came here to have a meeting on time, ____? (10重庆)
A. didn’t they B. did they C. don’t they D. do they
3. The boy has a new MP4, ____? (10广东)
A. doesn’t he B. isn’t he C. does he D. is he
4. Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ____? (10浙江)
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. wouldn’t she
5. ——There are always many volunteers in great events, ____?
——Yes. Many hands make light work! (10黑龙江)
A. aren’t there B. are there C. aren’t they
6. ——Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago, ____?
——No, he couldn’t. But now he is quite good at it. (10福建)
A. couldn’t he B. could he C. didn’t he
7. ——He didn’t go to the lecture this morning, did he?
——____. Though he was not feeling very well. (10甘肃)
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did C. No, he did
8. Eric’s never seen a 3D movie at the cinema, ____? (10江苏)
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he
9. ——He’s already back to Australia, ____?
——____. He is on a visit to Shanghai. (10江苏)
A. isn’t he; No B. hasn’t he; Yes C. isn’t he; Yes D. hasn’t he; No
10. The tall man over there is our new English teacher, ____? (10四川)
A. is he B. is there C. isn’t he D. isn’t there
11. Let’s search the Internet for some information about famous people, ____? (10四川)
A. will you B. won’t you C. shall we
12. John, clean your room, ____? (09安徽)
A. will you B. shall we C. don’t you D. doesn’t he
13. ——There is little milk in the milk bag, ____ there?
——OK. I’ll get you a new bag. (09山东)
A. is B. isn’t C. aren’t D. are
14. Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet. (改为反意疑问句) (10上海)
Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet, ____ ____?
15. Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it. (改为反意疑问句) (10甘肃)
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it, ____ ____?
16. The playground is wet this morning. It must have rained last night. (改为反意疑问句)
(10四川)
The playground is wet this morning. It must have rained last night, ____ ____?
[Key:1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.has she 15.is it16.didn’t it]
【要点解读】
一、反意疑问句的概念
当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。例如：
Tom likes classical music, doesn’t he? 汤姆喜欢古典音乐，对吗？
Her parents have never been to the West Lake, have they?
她的父母从来没有去过西湖，对吗？
二、基本结构与学习要点
1.基本结构：反意疑问句由“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语（代词）”构成。
2.学习要点：在反意疑问句的构成中应注意以下几点：
1）遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。即：前面的陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式；反之，前面的陈述句是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式,同时应重点注意陈述句中的否定词not, never, hardly, seldom等。
2）反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词。
3）反意疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句的谓语动词保持一致。具体来说，若前面陈述句中有“三词（be、情态动词、助动词）”，则简略句用其构成；若无“三词”，陈述句中谓语动词为一般现在时和一般过去时，则应加上do/don’t, does/doesn’t, did/didn’t。例如：
Mrs Green read the newspaper yesterday, didn’t she? 格林夫人昨天读过报纸，对吗？
The children have had breakfast already, haven’t they? 孩子们已经吃过早饭了，不是吗？
三、含有特殊主语的反意疑问句
1.当陈述句部分是I am…时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren’t I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。 例如：
I’m late for the meeting, aren’t I? 我开会迟到了，是吗？
2.当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。 例如：
That isn’t a useful dictionary, is it? 那不是一本有用的字典，是吗？
3.当陈述部分是everyone/everybody, someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语用it。例如：
Nobody can work out the problem, can they? 没有人能解出那个难题，是吗？
Something is wrong with his eyes, isn’t it? 他的眼睛有毛病，是不是？
4.当陈述部分是“There be+主语+其它”结构时，反意疑问部分要用“be (not)+there”结构。例如：
There is a map of the world on the wall, isn’t there? 墙上有一幅世界地图，是吧？
5.祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you结尾，但如果是以Let’s 开头的句型，应用shall we结尾。例如：
Let’s go for a picnic on Sunday, shall we? 让我们星期天去野餐吧，好吗？
Don’t be late for class again, will you? 别再上课迟到了，行吗？
6.当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：
1)若must表示“必须”或“有必要”时，疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。例如：
You must leave at once, mustn’t/needn’t you? 你必须(有必要)马上离开，不是吗?
但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分要用must。例如：
You mustn’t drink water, must you? 你不准喝水，知道吗?
2)若must表示推测，疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。例如：
He must be ill, isn’t he? 他一定是病了，不是吗?
7.在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I think(believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)+宾语从句”，反意疑问句的主谓语应与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致，并要注意否定转移。这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。例如：
I don’t think you have been to the USA, have you? 我认为你没有去过美国，是吗？
【中考链接】
1. ——Let’s go skating, ____?
——OK. Let’s go. (10湖北)
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. shall we
2. They came here to have a meeting on time, ____? (10重庆)
A. didn’t they B. did they C. don’t they D. do they
3. The boy has a new MP4, ____? (10广东)
A. doesn’t he B. isn’t he C. does he D. is he
4. Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ____? (10浙江)
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. wouldn’t she
5. ——There are always many volunteers in great events, ____?
——Yes. Many hands make light work! (10黑龙江)
A. aren’t there B. are there C. aren’t they
6. ——Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago, ____?
——No, he couldn’t. But now he is quite good at it. (10福建)
A. couldn’t he B. could he C. didn’t he
7. ——He didn’t go to the lecture this morning, did he?
——____. Though he was not feeling very well. (10甘肃)
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did C. No, he did
8. Eric’s never seen a 3D movie at the cinema, ____? (10江苏)
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he
9. ——He’s already back to Australia, ____?
——____. He is on a visit to Shanghai. (10江苏)
A. isn’t he; No B. hasn’t he; Yes C. isn’t he; Yes D. hasn’t he; No
10. The tall man over there is our new English teacher, ____? (10四川)
A. is he B. is there C. isn’t he D. isn’t there
11. Let’s search the Internet for some information about famous people, ____? (10四川)
A. will you B. won’t you C. shall we
12. John, clean your room, ____? (09安徽)
A. will you B. shall we C. don’t you D. doesn’t he
13. ——There is little milk in the milk bag, ____ there?
——OK. I’ll get you a new bag. (09山东)
A. is B. isn’t C. aren’t D. are
14. Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet. (改为反意疑问句) (10上海)
Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet, ____ ____?
15. Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it. (改为反意疑问句) (10甘肃)
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it, ____ ____?
16. The playground is wet this morning. It must have rained last night. (改为反意疑问句)
(10四川)
The playground is wet this morning. It must have rained last night, ____ ____?
[Key:1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.has she 15.is it16.didn’t it]