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由于人类的工程活动引起地壳表层岩体失稳而产生的地震,称为诱发地震,如水库地震、抽液-注水地震、矿山地震等。一般来说,这种地震的震源很浅,烈度偏高,而且又多集中发生在重大工程设施和工矿企业地区,常给国民经济造成巨大的损失,因此越来越引起人们的重视。诱发地震是一个新的研究课题,目前以积累典型震侧,现场考察及观测研究为主,而对诱发地震对策的研究尚处于起步阶段。本章概要地介绍了水库地震、抽液-注液地震及矿山地震的危害及其可能的形成原因,进而论述了应付这些诱发地震的各项对策。
As a result of human engineering activities caused by the crustal surface rock mass instability caused by earthquakes, known as the induced earthquakes, such as reservoir earthquakes, pumping - flooding earthquake, mine earthquakes. Generally speaking, the earthquakes are very shallow in origin, high in intensity, and more concentrated in major engineering facilities and industrial and mining enterprises. They often cause huge losses to the national economy and are therefore attracting more and more attention. Induced earthquakes are a new research topic. At present, typical seismic side accumulation, field investigation and observational research are the main topics. However, the research on earthquake induced responses is still in its infancy. This chapter gives an overview of the hazards of reservoir earthquakes, fluid pumping-flooding earthquakes and mine earthquakes and their possible causes, and then discusses various countermeasures to deal with these induced earthquakes.