目的　对矮大黄根及根茎的化学成分进行研究。方法　采用常压、减压硅胶柱层析、ODS反相硅胶柱层析、Sephadex L H- 2 0凝胶柱层析进行分离 ,通过理化和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果　从其石油醚、氯仿部分及正丁醇部分分离得到 14个化合物 ,鉴定了其中 9个化合物 ,分别为 :大黄酚 (chrysophanol, )、大黄素甲醚(physcion, )、大黄素 (em odin, )、正二十六烷酸 (n- hexacosnic acid, )、谷甾醇 (sitosterol, )、谷甾醇葡萄糖苷 (sitosterol- 3- O- glucoside, )、葡萄糖 (glucose, )、大黄素 -龙胆二糖苷 (em odin- gentiobioside, )和大黄酚 - 8O- β- D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (chrysophanol- 8- O- β- D- glucopyranoside, )。结论　以上化合物均为首次从矮大黄中分离得到 ,其中大黄素 -龙胆二糖苷为首次从大黄属植物中分离得到。 Objective To study the chemical constituents of rhizome and rhizome of Rhubarb. Methods The compounds were isolated by atmospheric pressure and decompression silica gel column chromatography, ODS silica gel column chromatography, and Sephadex L H-200 gel column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by physicochemical and spectral analysis methods. The results showed that 14 compounds were isolated from its petroleum ether, chloroform and n-butanol fractions. Among them, 9 compounds were identified: chrysophanol, physcion, emodin and emodin. , ), n-Hexacosanoic acid, sitosterol, sitosterol 3-O-glucoside, glucose, emodin-gentian Diglycosides (emodin-gentiobioside) and Chrysophanol-8O-β-D-glucopyranoside (chrysophanol- 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). Conclusion The above compounds were isolated from dwarf rhizome for the first time. Among them, emodin-gentiobiside was isolated from the plant of the genus Rhubarb for the first time.