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针对松嫩平原玉米生产特点,设置玉米秸秆不还田、秸秆还田两种条件和3个施氮水平,研究秸秆还田与施氮肥对松嫩平原玉米氮素吸收及产量的影响。结果表明,除收获期玉米植株氮素含量变化规律不明显外,其余时期玉米植株氮素含量、干物质量、氮积累量及产量均随氮肥用量的增加而增加。在玉米3叶期,供试的3个施氮水平下,秸秆还田处理均使玉米氮素含量和吸收积累量降低,至拔节期秸秆还田处理对玉米植株氮素含量的不利影响消失。在不施氮肥条件下,秸秆还田处理提高了拔节期玉米植株氮素的含量;玉米的氮素吸收积累量在不施氮肥条件下仍低于秸秆不还田处理。在玉米收获期,秸秆还田处理增加了玉米子粒的氮素含量与氮素吸收积累量。在3个施氮水平下,秸秆还田处理玉米产量与秸秆不还田处理差异不显著。
According to the characteristics of maize production in the Songnen Plain, two conditions of corn stalks returning and straw returning and three nitrogen application levels were set up to study the effects of straw returning and nitrogen application on nitrogen absorption and yield of the maize in Songnen Plain. The results showed that the nitrogen content, dry matter content, nitrogen accumulation and yield of maize plants increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount except for the obvious change of nitrogen content of maize at harvesting stage. Under the 3-leaf stage of corn and 3 nitrogen fertilizers tested, the nitrogen and the accumulation of corn decreased with the treatment of straw returning to the field, and the adverse effects on the nitrogen content of corn plants disappeared at the jointing stage. In the condition of no nitrogen fertilizer, the straw returning treatment increased the nitrogen content of corn at jointing stage. The nitrogen accumulation of corn was still lower than that of straw returning without nitrogen application. During corn harvest, straw returning increased the nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake of maize grains. Under the three nitrogen application rates, there was no significant difference between straw returning and corn returning without treatment.