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流脑病人的家庭接触者有较高的感染机会。据美国一次全国性调查结果,流脑局部流行或散发时家庭接触者的续发感染率约在3％～10‰左右,而在流行时则可高达11‰～59‰。在智利和巴西发生A群和C群流脑流行期间也有类似的记录,家庭内的续发感染率分别为25‰和16‰。为了预防家庭内续发病例的出现,过去一直采用化学性予防办法,特别是磺胺嘧啶曾经被广泛地、成功地用来达到这一目的。
Family contacts of patients with meningitis have a higher chance of infection. According to a national survey conducted by the United States, the rate of reinfection of domestic contacts in endemic meningitis or disseminated cases is about 3% to 10%, while in prevalence, up to 11 ‰ to 59%. Similar records were reported during the epidemics of Group A and Group C in Chile and Brazil, with rates of recurrences within the household of 25 per thousand and 16 per thousand, respectively. In order to prevent the occurrence of recurrences within the family, chemical preventive measures have been used in the past, and sulfadiazine, in particular, has been widely and successfully used to achieve this goal.