目的:通过对西宁地区艾滋病(AIDS)合并肺部感染患者的临床资料分析,总结西宁地区艾滋病合并肺部感染的临床特点,提高对艾滋病合并肺部感染的认识和诊治水平。方法:分析15例艾滋病合并肺部感染患者的临床资料。结果:西宁地区艾滋病人合并肺部感染出现时间早、肺部病变范围大、病情较重、进展较快、临床表现复杂多样化,以细菌感染和肺结核多见。随着CD4+细胞计数的下降,艾滋病合并肺部感染发生的频率逐渐增加。在没有明确的病原学诊断证据之前,影像学诊断具有重要意义。结论:肺部感染是AIDS患者主要的机会性感染,尤其在西宁地区高寒、缺氧情况下艾滋病人更易合并肺部感染,而细菌感染和肺结核是西宁地区艾滋病最常见的肺部感染。 Objective: To analyze the clinical data of AIDS patients with pulmonary infection in Xining area, summarize the clinical features of AIDS-associated pulmonary infection in Xining area, and raise awareness and diagnosis and treatment of AIDS-associated pulmonary infection. Methods: Clinical data of 15 AIDS patients with pulmonary infection were analyzed. Results: The incidence of pulmonary infection in AIDS patients in Xining was earlier than that in Xining. The range of lung diseases was large, the disease was severe, the progress was rapid, the clinical manifestations were complex and diversified, and bacterial infection and pulmonary tuberculosis were more common. With the decline of CD4 + cell count, the frequency of AIDS-associated pulmonary infections gradually increases. In the absence of clear evidence of etiological diagnosis, imaging diagnosis is of great significance. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary infection is the major opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. Especially in the alpine region of Xining, AIDS patients are more likely to have pulmonary infection. However, bacterial infection and tuberculosis are the most common lung infections of AIDS in Xining area.