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本试验采用去壁、低渗、火焰干燥法制取了豆科不同属的5种蔬菜(菜豆、豇豆、刀豆、豆薯、菜豌豆)的根尖细胞染色体标本,并对其进行了比较分析,结果表明:菜豆、豇豆、刀豆和豆薯的染色体为2n=2 x=22,菜豌豆的染色体为2n=2x=14,都是二倍体植物。5种豆科蔬菜染色体Giemsa-C带带型大同小异,核型差异较大。笔者还对豆科蔬菜的进化程度、亲缘关系等问题进行了讨论。
In this study, root apical cell chromosomes of five species of Leguminosae (bean, cowpea, sword bean, yam bean, vegetable pea) were made by wall-removal, hypotonic and flame drying methods and compared with each other The results showed that the chromosomes of bean, cowpea, sword bean and bean were 2n = 2 x = 22, and the chromosome of vegetable pea was 2n = 2x = 14, all of which were diploid plants. The Giemsa-C bands of five Leguminosae vegetables are similar and their karyotypes are quite different. The author also discussed the evolution of leguminous vegetables, genetic relationship and other issues.