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某型扭转弹簧零件主要用于航空机构中,在装配过程中出现裂纹和发生断裂。通过视频显微镜、扫描电镜、金相显微镜等分析方法,对断裂弹簧裂纹、断口特征及其附近损伤形貌进行了宏、微观观察和覆盖物的能谱分析。在试验结果和数据的基础上,结合加工工艺综合分析失效的性质和原因。金相组织检查未发现材质异常,失效与材质无关。弹簧裂纹和断裂都起始于内表面,因此裂纹的萌生发生在弹簧绕制后镀镉前。裂纹张开方向与弹簧内表面的残余拉应力方向一致,而且绕制后、镀镉前接触氢介质。弹簧失效的原因是残余拉应力和氢共同作用下发生氢致延迟开裂。
Some type of torsion spring parts are mainly used in aviation agencies, in the assembly process there is a crack and fracture. By means of video microscope, scanning electron microscope, metallographic microscope and other analysis methods, the crack and fracture characteristics of the fracture spring and its nearby damage morphology were observed by macro and micro observation and energy spectrum analysis of the covering. On the basis of the test results and data, combined with the processing technology comprehensive analysis of the nature and causes of failure. Metallographic examination found no abnormal material, failure and material has nothing to do. Spring cracks and ruptures all start on the inner surface, so the initiation of cracks occurs before the springs are wound and plated with cadmium. The crack opening direction is consistent with the direction of the residual tensile stress on the inner surface of the spring, and after the winding, the hydrogen medium is exposed before the cadmium plating. The reason for the failure of the spring is that residual tensile stress and hydrogen induced delayed cracking occur together with hydrogen.