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Graves病（ GD）是由多种原因引起的甲状腺激素分泌过多，导致机体代谢异常增高、功能紊乱，甚至组织器官损害的综合征。目前，GD有内科药物治疗、外科手术治疗、核医学131 I治疗三种成熟的治疗方法。核医学131 I治疗以其独特优势已经被越来越多的患者和临床医师所接受，成为最常用的治疗方法之一。熟悉治疗原理、正确选择适应证、合理制订给药剂量、预防可能的不良结局，是GD 131 I治疗的基础。“,”Graves disease ( GD) is a common endocrine disease,which accounts for the majority of the hyperthyroidism.GD is a syndrome caused by a variety of reasons of thyroid hormone hypersecretion,leading to syndromes of abnormal metabolic increase, functional disorders of the body, and even organs injury.At present,there are three matured treatments for the GD: internal medicine, surgery and nuclear medicine 131 I treatment.And nuclear medicine 131 I treatment has become one of the most commonly used methods due to its unique advantages.Understanding the principle of treatment,correct selection of indications,reasonable cal-culation of the dose and prevention of adverse outcomes are the foundation of the GD 131 I treatment.