为了探讨肾结肠瘘的诊断方法和治疗效果 ,报道肾结肠瘘 4例 ,其中男性 4例 ,女性 2例 ,年龄 2 5～ 40岁 ,平均 36岁。所有病例术前均获得确诊并接受手术治疗。结果 :3例经手术治愈 ,1例仅行手术探查但随访8个月带瘘生存。结合文献讨论了肾结肠瘘的病因、临床表现、诊断及治疗。认为上尿路结石合并感染是引起肾结肠瘘的主要原因。逆行肾盂造影或肾穿刺造影是确诊本病的主要方法。本病一经确诊 ,应尽早手术治疗 ,手术方法应根据具体情况区别对待 In order to explore the diagnosis of renal fistula and treatment, 4 cases of renal fistula were reported, including 4 males and 2 females, aged 25 to 40 years (average 36 years). All cases were confirmed before surgery and received surgical treatment. Results: Three cases were cured by surgery. One case was operated surgically only but had fistula survived for 8 months. Combined with the literature discussed the cause of renal fistula, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. The upper urinary tract stones that cause infection is the main cause of renal fistula. Retrograde pyelography or renal biopsy is the main method of diagnosis of the disease. Once the disease is diagnosed, surgical treatment should be as soon as possible, surgical methods should be treated differently depending on the specific circumstances