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宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着妇女健康。大量研究表明,人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染与宫颈癌的发生密切相关,是宫颈癌发生的最主要的危险因素。因此,很多学者致力于人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的研发工作。目前的人乳头瘤病毒疫苗包括预防性疫苗和治疗性疫苗两大类。一些疫苗已经进入实验阶段,不仅在动物试验中取得肯定结果,甚至在临床试验中获得成功。2006年已有人乳头瘤病毒疫苗上市。随着疫苗的研究、上市,也带来一系列与疫苗接种途径、剂量、对象及安全性等有关的问题,需要进一步解决。
Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy, a serious threat to women’s health. A large number of studies have shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer and is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer. Therefore, many scholars committed to the development of human papillomavirus vaccine. The current human papillomavirus vaccine includes both preventive and therapeutic vaccines. Some vaccines have entered the experimental phase not only for positive results in animal experiments, but also for success in clinical trials. 2006 has been listed on the human papillomavirus vaccine. With the research and listing of vaccines, there are also a series of problems related to the route of vaccination, dosage, target and safety which needs to be further solved.