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板块构造学说是六十年代提出和兴起的,为了综合研究大陆漂移说和洋底扩张说而构成的新的全球大地构造体系。这个学说的轮廓是:地球上层是由强度很大的岩石层所组成的,厚度不超过一百公里,其下是带有塑性的软流层,软流层的物质由于对流作用从大洋中的破裂带涌出向两边缓慢地流去,形成新的海底,旧海底经对流的带动向外扩张,在岛弧地区或大陆边缘又向地下沉入,这样全球构造就分成为数不多的几大板块。一些学者经综合研究分析,起初把地球岩石圈划分为六大板块,即太平洋板块、欧亚板块、
Plate tectonics theory was put forward and arisen in the 1960s, in order to comprehensively study the new global tectonic system formed by the theories of continental drift and ocean floor expansion. The outline of this doctrine is that the upper layer of the earth is composed of intense layers of rock of not more than one hundred kilometers thick beneath which is the plastic-bearing asthenosphere, the material of the asthenosphere due to convection from the ocean The rupture zone gushes slowly to both sides to form a new seafloor. The old seafloor is expanded outward by convection and sinks into the ground at the island arc or on the edge of the continental margin. As a result, the global structure is divided into a few large Plate. Some scholars, after comprehensive research and analysis, initially divided the Earth’s lithosphere into six major plates, namely the Pacific plate, the Eurasian plate,