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[目的]了解麻疹流行特征,以便有针对性地采取有效控制麻疹的措施。[方法]对北京市大兴区2000~2005年麻疹疫情资料进行分析。[结果]2000~2005年合计确诊麻疹387例,年均发病率为9.32/10万。确诊病例中,流动人口占80.62%,本地病例占19.38%;实验室确诊病例占80.88%,临床确诊病例占19.12%。2000~2005年发病率分别为6.10/10万、3.41/10万、8.69/10万、4.48/10万、4.35/10万、26.59/10万。年均发病率,城镇地区为2.98/10万,城乡结合部为14.36/10万,农村地区为10.01/10万。387例中,3~6月发病的占74.94%;散居儿童占36.18%,民工占18.09%,学生占10.85%;0~11月龄占19.90%,20~29岁占26.10%;男性占60.47%,女性占39.53%;有麻疹疫苗免疫史的占7.49%,无免疫史的占54.52%,免疫史不详的占37.98%。[结论]外来人口流入和免疫空白是大兴区麻疹发病的主要原因。
[Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in order to take targeted measures to control measles effectively. [Method] The epidemic situation of measles in Daxing District of Beijing from 2000 to 2005 was analyzed. [Results] A total of 387 confirmed measles cases were collected from 2000 to 2005, with an average annual incidence of 9.32 / 100,000. Of the confirmed cases, the floating population accounted for 80.62%, local cases accounted for 19.38%; laboratory confirmed cases accounted for 80.88%, clinically diagnosed cases accounted for 19.12%. The incidence rates from 2000 to 2005 were 6.10 / 100,000, 3.41 / 100,000, 8.69 / 100,000, 4.48 / 100,000, 4.35 / 100,000 and 26.59 / 100,000, respectively. The annual average incidence was 2.98 / 100,000 in urban areas, 14.36 / 100,000 in urban-rural areas and 10.01 / 100,000 in rural areas. Among 387 cases, 74.94% were diagnosed from March to June; 36.18% were scattered children, 18.09% were migrant workers, 10.85% were students, 19.90% were from 0 to 11 months, 26.10% were from 20 to 29 years old, and 60.47 %, Women 39.53%; immunization history with measles vaccine accounted for 7.49%, 54.52% without immunization history, unknown immunization history accounted for 37.98%. [Conclusion] The main cause of the incidence of measles in Daxing district is the influx of immigrants and the blank of immunity.