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关于物质的溶解性,溶解过程历来就有很多人企图从中整理出一般的规律及理论来,以便我们可能根据各成分在纯粹状态时的已知结构与性质来预测新物质的溶解度,以及温度对溶解度的影响。但是对于非电解质的溶解度问题,近来已经从它们的蒸气压、溶解热等方面研究得到了很多成就和理论,但是,这些理论对于无机盐不尽能应用,因为它们的溶解现象是更加复杂,因为常包括解离及离子的水化等过程,许多学者曾根据强电解质的溶解热及离子活度系数等数据,用热力学方法,推导出很多关于溶解度及溶解度温度系数与溶解热之间的一些关系。但是,由于溶解热和活度系数等方面数据的不全及不够精确,我们尚不能利用它们来预测各温度下的无机盐的溶解度。所以,现在我们从另一方面,利用动力学的观点来对此问题加以如下的讨论。
With regard to the solubility of matter, dissolution has historically been attempted by many to sort out general laws and theories so that we may predict the solubility of new substances based on the known structure and properties of each component in its pure state, Effect of solubility. However, many achievements and theories have recently been made on the solubility of non-electrolytes in terms of their vapor pressure, heat of dissolution and the like, but these theories have not been applied to inorganic salts because their dissolution phenomenon is more complicated because Often including dissociation and ionization of hydration process, many scholars have based on strong electrolyte dissolution heat and ionic activity coefficient and other data, using thermodynamic methods, derived a lot on the solubility and solubility temperature coefficient and the relationship between the heat of dissolution . However, due to incomplete and inaccurate data on heat of fusion and activity coefficients, we can not yet use them to predict the solubility of inorganic salts at various temperatures. Therefore, we now discuss this issue on the other hand, using the kinetic point of view as follows.