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自噬是一种从酵母菌到哺乳动物细胞中均广泛存在的保守性细胞物质清除机制。在细胞和组织重塑、抵御细胞外刺激和病原体的过程中,细胞内组分可以转移到溶酶体中完成物质的新陈代谢,这对于维护细胞内稳态和物质、能量平衡都至关重要。本文主要探讨滋养细胞自噬在胎盘形成、孕早期滋养细胞缺氧、胚胎着床等过程中的重要作用,并阐述自噬及自噬相关基因与子痫前期及胎儿生长受限发生的相关性。
Autophagy is a conserved mechanism of cell substance clearance that is widespread in yeasts and mammalian cells. During the remodeling of cells and tissues against extracellular stimuli and pathogens, intracellular components can be transferred to lysosomes to complete the metabolism of the substance, which is essential for maintaining intracellular homeostasis and substance and energy balance. This article mainly discusses the important role of trophoblast autophagy in the process of placenta formation, trophoblast hypoxia in early pregnancy and implantation of embryos, and expounds the correlation between autophagy and autophagy-related genes and pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction .