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大约从小学语文课开始,我们就养成了一套分析欣赏诗文的固定程式,那就是先分析中心思想(或曰“主题”、“思想性”之类),再分析其写作特点(或曰“写作手法”,“艺术性”之类)。在对思想性的分析中又把阶级性、人民性、现实主义、爱国主义摆在突出的位置,凡具有这些思想内容的作品,不管其艺术性如何,皆予以肯定;则冷落和贬低具有自然美、人性美的诗文作品,这一类作品,不论其艺术成就怎样,多要指出其思想内容的消极性和不足。分析艺术性也只注意对语言、结构、修辞等特色的分析,很少对作品进行审美把握。
About the beginning of the language class in primary school, we have developed a set of analysis and appreciation of poetry of the fixed program, that is, first analysis of the central idea (or “theme”, “ideological” and the like), and then analyze the characteristics of its writing “Writing techniques”, “artistic” and the like). In the ideological analysis, we put class, people, realism and patriotism in prominence. All works that have these ideological contents, regardless of their artistic nature, are affirmed. When we neglect and devalue the works that have the beauty of nature and humanity Poetry, works of this category, no matter what their artistic achievements, we must point out the negative aspects of their ideological content. Analysis of the art also only pay attention to the analysis of the characteristics of language, structure, rhetoric, and rarely aesthetic grasp of the work.