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目的探讨医务人员发生HIV职业暴露的危险因素及应急对策。方法对医院2011年1月发生的一起严重的医务人员HIV职业暴露事件进行应急处理以及临床干预。结果同一暴露源共发生HIV职业暴露4人,均为护理人员,经半年随访,未发生HIV医院感染。结论低年资护理人员是发生职业暴露的高危人群,主要原因是安全防护意识差、操作不规范及应变能力欠缺所致;应加强医务人员卫生职业安全教育、加强自身防护、落实标准预防等措施减少职业暴露事件的发生,保护医务人员职业安全。
Objective To explore the risk factors and emergency measures of HIV occupational exposure among medical staffs. Methods Emergency treatment and clinical intervention were conducted in a hospital in January 2011 with a serious occupational exposure to HIV among medical staff. Results A total of 4 HIV occupational exposures occurred in the same exposure source, all nursing staff. After six months’ follow-up, no HIV hospital infection occurred. Conclusion Nurses with low seniority are the high risk groups with occupational exposure. The main reasons are poor safety awareness, nonstandard operation and lack of adaptability. Health education for health workers should be strengthened, self-protection should be strengthened and standard prevention measures should be implemented Reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure and protect the occupational safety of medical personnel.