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近30年来,经济激励政策在欧美国家大气污染治理中得到了广泛的应用,取得了良好效果。欧洲国家和美国在经济激励措施中选取了不同的进路,欧洲国家通过环境税政策,对化石燃料中所含的大气污染物质征税。美国通过排放权交易制度,在限定大气污染物总排放量的同时鼓励排污企业降低排放。由于合理的制度设计,这两种环境政策都产生了良好的治理效果。
In the past 30 years, the economic incentive policy has been widely used in the air pollution control in Europe and the United States and achieved good results. European countries and the United States have taken different approaches in economic incentives. European countries have adopted environmental tax policies to tax air pollutants contained in fossil fuels. The United States through the emission trading system, in limiting the total emissions of air pollutants at the same time encourage polluting enterprises to reduce emissions. Due to the rational design of the system, both environmental policies have produced good governance results.