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目的：探索双胎的高危因素及有效的保健措施，降低双胎儿的患病率和死亡率。方法：调查1983～1996年在本院分娩的363对双胎母儿围产期情况并与同期单胎以及双胎内部（单卵和双卵、大双和小双）进行比较，探索双胎儿的高危因素，制定保健措施，并将执行前后情况对比评价其效果。结果：双胎妊娠并发症、胎儿附件异常、难产、早产、低出生体重的发生率和双胎儿围产期患病率、死亡率显著高于单胎儿，单卵双胎儿和小双尤其高危。加强保健措施后，双胎儿患病率、死亡率显著下降。结论：采取适宜的保健措施，可明显改善双胎儿的围产期预后。
Objective: To explore the risk factors of twin pregnancy and effective health care measures to reduce the prevalence and mortality rate of twin fetuses. Methods: The perinatal period of 363 pairs of maternal childbirth in our hospital from 1983 to 1996 was investigated and compared with that of singleton and twins in the same period (single egg and double egg, big double and small double) Risk factors, the development of health measures, and the situation before and after the implementation of comparative evaluation of their effects. Results: The incidence of twin pregnancy complications, fetal attachment abnormalities, dystocia, premature birth, low birth weight and perinatal morbidity and mortality were significantly higher than those of single fetuses, single fetuses and small ones. After strengthening health care measures, the prevalence of twin fetuses and mortality have dropped significantly. Conclusion: Adopting suitable health care measures can obviously improve the perinatal prognosis of twin fetuses.