一、大火星与商历大火星,是一颗通红发亮的一等星。它在天文学上的名称叫心宿二。《左传》襄公九年说:“心为大火。”西方学者称它为天蝎(Scorpio)α。世界各国历法的产生,都经历了一个由物候定农时到星象定农时的阶段。中国至迟在先商时期,就已经完成了这一过渡。其时用以确定历法农时的标准,就是大火星的升沉。《尔雅·释天》说:“大火谓之 First, Mars and the Mars calendar Mars, is a bright red star. Its name in astronomy is Heart II. ”Zuo Zhuan“ Xianggong nine years said: ”Heart is a fire.“ Western scholars call it Scorpio α. The birth of the calendars in various countries of the world has gone through a period from the time when the phenomenal peasants settled to the moment when the astronomical signs were fixed. China has already completed this transition by the time it was first established. The standard at the time to determine calendar farming was the ascent of the Great Mars. ”Erya release day“ said: ”fire that