在电子束快速成形TC4合金零件的过程中,由于成型区域温度场不均匀以及金属粉末表面电荷富集等原因,容易发生成形层卷曲变形以及“吹粉”。利用电子束扫描偏转速度快的特点,在成形区域熔融烧结前加入预热粉床的工艺过程。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和力学万能试验机研究了成形零件的组织和力学性能。结果表明:加入预热工艺后,TC4合金试样屈服强度达833 MPa,抗拉强度达930 MPa,断面收缩率达47%,性能优于ASTM标准。 In the process of electron beam rapid prototyping of TC4 alloy parts, the forming layer curling deformation and “blowing powder” are apt to occur due to the non-uniform temperature field in the forming area and the surface charge accumulation of the metal powder. Using electron beam scanning deflection speed characteristics, melting zone in the forming zone before adding preheated powder bed process. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed parts were studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and mechanical universal testing machine. The results show that after preheating, the yield strength of TC4 alloy reaches 833 MPa, the tensile strength reaches 930 MPa and the reduction of area is 47%, which is better than that of ASTM.