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Despite the high theoretical specific capacity,the main challenges of rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries,including the unceasing shuttle of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and severe Li corrosion,seriously hinder their commercial and practical applications.Herein,a bifunctional polyvinyl alcohol/poly(lithium acrylate) (C-PVA/PAA-Li) composite nanofiber separator is developed to address the main challenges in Li-S batteries by simultaneously allowing rapid lithium ion transport and ionic shielding of polysulfides.The C-PVNPAA-Li composite nanofiber membrane is prepared via the facile electrospinning strategy,followed by thermal crosslinking and in-situ lithiation processes.Differing from the conventional Celgard-based coating methods accompanied by impaired lithium ion transport efficiency,the C-PVNPAA-Li composite nanofiber membrane possesses well-developed porous structures and high ionic conductivity,thus synergistically reducing the charge transfer resistance and inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites.The resulting Li-S batteries exhibit an ultra-low fading rate of 0.08％ per cycle after 400 cycles at 0.2 C,and a capacity of 633 mA·h·g-1 at a high current density of 3 C.This study presents an inspiring and promising strategy to fabricate emerging dual-functional separators,which paves the pathway for the practical implementation of ultra-stable and reliable Li-S battery systems.