木卡姆起源于中亚或西亚,在新疆一带可以追溯到《于阗大曲》《伊州大曲》《疏勒大曲》《高昌大曲》《龟兹大曲》等西域音乐。除了中国以外,西亚、南亚、南非、北非等一些国家都有自己的木卡姆,只是名称略有不同,风格各有差异。然而在所有木卡姆中,唯有中国新疆的木卡姆结构最庞大、形态最丰富,有十二木卡姆、刀郎木卡姆、哈密木卡姆和吐鲁番木卡姆等四个种类。其中十二木卡姆是主要代表,也被称为“维吾尔百科全书”。十二木卡姆形成于叶尔羌汗国时期,阿不都 Muqam originated in Central Asia or West Asia, in the vicinity of Xinjiang can be traced back to “Yuchi Daqu” “Ida Daqu” “Shule Daqu” “Gaochang Daqu” “Kucha Daqu” and other Western music. Except for China, some countries in West Asia, South Asia, South Africa, North Africa, etc. have their own Muqam, but with slightly different names and different styles. However, among all the Muqam, only the Muqam in Xinjiang, China is the largest and the most abundant in form. There are four species: Muqam, Dao Muqam, Hami Muqam and Turpan Muqam. Twelve Muqam is the main representative, also known as “Uyghur encyclopedia.” Twelve Muqam formed during the Yarkand Khanate, Abdo both